Inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) is characterized by which of the following?

Inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) refers to a specific change in the membrane potential of a postsynaptic neuron that makes it less likely to fire an action potential. The correct characterization of an IPSP is a transient hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic membrane.

When inhibitory neurotransmitters, such as GABA, bind to their receptors on the postsynaptic membrane, they typically lead to the opening of ion channels that allow negatively charged ions, like chloride (Cl⁻), to flow into the neuron or positively charged ions, like potassium (K⁺), to flow out. This movement of ions causes the inside of the neuron to become more negative relative to the outside, resulting in hyperpolarization. This hyperpolarization increases the membrane potential difference, making it more challenging for the neuron to reach the threshold needed to initiate an action potential.

In contrast, options discussing transient depolarization or increased neurotransmitter release do not accurately describe the processes associated with an IPSP. Similarly, while ionotropic receptors are sometimes involved in IPSPs, the statement about their exclusive activation does not encompass all types of inhibition, as metabotropic receptors can also mediate inhibitory effects. Therefore, recognizing that an IPSP is characterized