What is involved in the inward movement during shunting inhibition?

Shunting inhibition primarily involves the movement of negatively charged chloride ions. When GABA receptors (which mediate inhibitory neurotransmission) are activated, chloride channels open, allowing chloride ions to flow into the neuron. This inward movement of chloride hyperpolarizes the neuron, making it less likely to fire an action potential.

By increasing the negative charge inside the neuron, the effect of any excitatory signals is effectively "shunted" or reduced. This mechanism plays a crucial role in regulating neuronal excitability and ensuring that neurons maintain appropriate responses to incoming signals. Consequently, the involvement of negatively charged chloride ions is a key component in the process of shunting inhibition.