What is the function of neurotransmitters (NTs) in the nervous system?

Neurotransmitters play a vital role in the nervous system by acting as chemical messengers that transmit information across synapses, which are the junctions between neurons. When a neuron is activated, it releases neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft, which then bind to specific receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. This binding can lead to various responses, such as eliciting an action potential in the receiving neuron or modulating its activity. Thus, neurotransmitters are essential for communication within the nervous system, influencing functions such as sensation, movement, mood, and cognition.

In this context, while some neurotransmitters can have inhibitory effects on neuronal signaling, their primary function is to facilitate the transmission of signals between neurons. This makes the option that highlights their role in transmitting information the correct response. The other options pertain to processes that are not primary functions of neurotransmitters in the context of neural communication.